Hemorrhoids (hemorrhoids) are enlarged and swollen veins that form in the lower part of the anus or rectum (large intestine). This condition occurs as a result of swelling and inflammation of the blood vessels in the anal area. Hemorrhoids are a fairly common problem and one that many people encounter at least once in their life.
Hemorrhoids are divided into two basic types as internal hemorrhoids and external hemorrhoids. Internal hemorrhoids are located inside the anus, in the upper part of the rectum, while external hemorrhoids are located outside the anus, around the anus. They are usually felt and visible from the outside. The size and severity of hemorrhoids can vary from person to person.
Symptoms of hemorrhoids may include:
- Pain, itching or burning sensation in the anal area
- Bleeding in the rectum or bright red bloody stools
- Swelling, lump, or tenderness in the anus
So, what are the causes of hemorrhoids? Various factors play a role in the occurrence of hemorrhoids. Among them:
- Irregularities in bowel movements such as constipation or diarrhea
- Constipation due to overstrain or excessive straining during childbirth
- Prolonged sitting or standing
- Genetic predisposition
- Pregnancy period
- Obesity
- A dietary habit that is low in fiber
Hemorrhoid treatment methods vary depending on the type of hemorrhoid, its severity, and the individual situation. Hemorrhoids with minor and mild symptoms can usually be cured with conservative home remedies. These methods include eating a fiber-rich diet, drinking plenty of water, exercising regularly, keeping the anal area clean, and using topical creams.
However, if the symptoms are severe or there is no response to conservative treatments, further treatment options may be considered by the doctor. These may include rubber band ligation, sclerotherapy, cryotherapy, infrared coagulation, laser therapy and surgical intervention.